目的了解内江市中小学生贫血现状,为防治贫血提供依据。方法通过随机整群抽样方法选择7~、9~、12~、14~、17~岁5个年龄组1 315名学生,测定其血红蛋白水平,判定是否贫血,并分析贫血人群分布特征。结果内江市中小学生贫血患病率为2%~40%,最低为城市9~岁组男生,患病率为2.60%;最高为农村12~岁组女生,患病率为37.74%;农村贫血率高于城市,女生贫血率高于男生。结论内江市中小学生贫血不容乐观,尤其是农村地区和女生。 Objective To understand the current situation of anemia among primary and middle school students in Neijiang and to provide basis for prevention and treatment of anemia. Methods A total of 1 315 students aged 5 ~ 7, 9 ~, 12 ~, 14 ~, 17 ~ 5 years old were selected by random cluster sampling method to determine the level of hemoglobin, to determine whether they were anemic and to analyze the distribution of anemia. Results The prevalence of anemia among primary and middle school students in Neijiang was 2% ~ 40%, and the lowest was 2.60% for boys aged from 9 to 9 years in urban areas; the highest prevalence was 12.7% in rural girls aged 12 ~ The rate of anemia in girls is higher than that in boys. Conclusion Anemia in primary and secondary school students in Neijiang City is not optimistic, especially in rural areas and girls.