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西德无軌土方机械的应用始于本世紀50年代,美国則始于30年代。与此同时,提出了发展相应的施工方法,建立現代化施工設备及其合理有效利用問題。目前在建筑公路和飞机場等工程中大部分应用采剝式的土方机械。与美国相比,西德每名生产工人的机械装备量要低两倍。各类工程施工中,土壤的疏松、装載、运輸、卸載、填平、压实等是必不可少的。几乎所有的工序(包括压实)均由土方机械完成。根据具体的經济、施工、技术条件,每一种土方机械均有其最合理的应用范围。Garbotz分析了影响計算,計划和工程組的一系列因素,并考虑到Kuhn和Herding等人
The application of West Germany’s trackless earth-moving machinery began in the 1950s and the United States began in the 1930s. At the same time, it proposed the development of the corresponding construction methods, the establishment of modern construction equipment and the rational and effective use of the issue. At present, most of the applications in the construction of roads and airports and other projects use stripped earth-moving machinery. Compared with the United States, the production capacity of each production worker in West Germany is twice as low. In all types of engineering construction, soil loosening, loading, transportation, unloading, filling, and compaction are all essential. Almost all processes (including compaction) are completed by earth-moving machinery. According to the specific economic, construction and technical conditions, each type of earth-moving machinery has its most reasonable application range. Garbotz analyzed a number of factors affecting the calculation, planning and engineering groups, taking into account Kuhn and Herding et al.