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目的通过职业暴露前后人员的心理健康状况比较,探讨职业暴露信息对个体心理健康的影响,为信息损伤理论提供实证研究证据及相应干预依据。方法对放射医学专业本科生接触放射线前重点强调暴露源危害性,运用症状自评量表、焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表,比较25名受试者暴露前和暴露后(暴露1周)的心理健康状况。结果SCL-90各项得分均高于职业暴露后,其中躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、偏执、精神病性、阳性项目数、总分均达到统计学显著水平(P<0.05),但焦虑、敌对和恐怖等因子未达到统计学显著水平(P>0.05)。暴露前个体SDS抑郁指数得分和SAS得分均显著高于暴露后。结论暴露源危害性信息影响了个体的心理健康水平,产生了信息损伤,对职业暴露个体在暴露前的专业教育和心理教育非常必要,同时暴露期间的心理干预不容忽视。
Objective To explore the influence of occupational exposure on individual mental health by comparing the mental health status of staff before and after occupational exposure and provide empirical evidence and theoretical basis for information damage theory. Methods Radiation Medicine undergraduates focused on exposure to radiation before exposure to radiation hazards, the use of symptoms self-rating scale, self-rating anxiety scale and depression self-rating scale, 25 subjects before and after exposure (exposure 1 Week) mental health status. Results SCL-90 scores were higher than those after occupational exposure. Somatization, coercion, interpersonal relationship, depression, paranoid, psychotic, positive items and total score reached statistic significance (P <0.05) , Hostility and horror and other factors did not reach statistical significance (P> 0.05). Pre-exposure individuals SDS depression index scores and SAS scores were significantly higher than after exposure. Conclusion Exposure to harmful information affects the mental health of individuals, resulting in information damage, occupational exposure to individual pre-exposure professional education and psychological education is necessary, while psychological intervention during the exposure can not be ignored.