治疗药物监测(therapeutic drug monitoring,TDM)是在药物动力学原理指导下,通过运用各种灵敏的现代分析测试手段,定量分析生物样品中药物及其代谢产物的浓度,以探讨患者体内血药浓度与疗效及毒性反应的关系,从而确定有效及毒性血药浓度范围.TDM是临床药学工作的一个重要方面,也是药物治疗学的重要内容。
Carbon is one of the few elements known since ancient time.It exists as diamond and graphite in nature.Since synthetic carbon became available almost a century