新中国成立以来,根据不同时期的需求,人民教育出版社先后编辑出版了十多套中学历史教科书,这也是一个对各版进行不断扬弃的过程。本文即选取近年的两套,对其中的近代史部分进行简单的比较,一套是根据《九年义务教育全日制初级中学历史教学大纲》修订的《中国历史》第三册(2001年第1版)、第四册(2002年第1版,以下简称“旧版”),另一套是根据《全日制义务教育历史课程标准(实验稿)》编写的《中国历史》八年级上册(2006年第2版,以下 Since the founding of New China, according to the needs of different periods, the People’s Education Press successively edited and published more than a dozen sets of history textbooks for middle schools, which is also a process of constantly giving up the various editions. This article chooses two sets in recent years and makes a simple comparison of some of the modern history. One is the third volume of “History of China” as revised in “History Teaching Syllabus for Full-time Junior High School of Nine-year Compulsory Education” Edition), the fourth book (2002 first edition, hereinafter referred to as “old version ”), the other is based on “full-time compulsory education history curriculum standards (experimental draft)” prepared “Chinese history” eighth grade 2nd edition, 2006, below