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目的:探讨青春期卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的临床特征和诊断、治疗方法。方法:对16例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿青春期患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:16例患者中表现为痛经12例(70%),月经不规律6例(37.5%),慢性盆腔疼痛5例(31.2%)。查体发现下腹部肿物3例(18.75%),合并生殖器官畸形3例(18.75%),因人工流产致宫颈管狭窄2例(12.5%)。单侧囊肿9例(56.3%),双侧囊肿7例(43.7%)。患者均在腹腔镜(13例)或剖腹探查(3例)后确诊并行相应术式治疗。16例术后均未发生并发症,随访至今无复发。结论:青春期子宫内膜异位囊肿主要症状为痛经、月经不规律及慢性盆腔疼痛,腹腔镜是确诊及治疗该病的有效手段,术后合理用药可预防或减少复发。
Objective: To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of adolescent ovarian endometriosis. Methods: The clinical data of 16 adolescent patients with ovarian endometriosis were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Twelve patients (70%) had dysmenorrhea, 6 patients (37.5%) had irregular menstruation and 5 (31.2%) had chronic pelvic pain in 16 patients. Physical examination revealed 3 cases (18.75%) of lower abdominal mass, 3 cases (18.75%) with genital malformation, and 2 cases (12.5%) of cervical canal stenosis caused by induced abortion. There were 9 unilateral cysts (56.3%) and 7 bilateral cysts (43.7%). All patients were confirmed by laparoscopy (13 cases) or laparotomy (3 cases) after the corresponding surgical treatment. No complications occurred in 16 cases and no recurrence was observed up to now. Conclusion: The main symptoms of adolescent endometriosis cysts are dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation and chronic pelvic pain. Laparoscopy is an effective way to diagnose and treat the disease. Rational medication can prevent or reduce recurrence.