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‘金华美女’是从‘贝拉大玫瑰’中选育出的茶花芽变品种,其主要特点是叶色呈现暗红色。分别测定了上述两个品种在4个不同发育阶段叶片叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、总花青苷、矢车菊素葡萄糖苷、总多酚、儿茶素和表儿茶素含量。结果表明:(1)在相同阶段,两个品种间叶绿素a和叶绿素b差异均不显著。认为红叶品种的叶绿素合成途径也正常,排除因叶绿素变异引起的叶色变异;(2)红叶品种‘金华美女’叶片中的类胡萝素含量显著低于绿叶品种‘贝拉大玫瑰’,可见其积累对‘金华美女’的叶色无影响;(3)在4个时期中,‘金华美女’叶片总多酚、儿茶素和表儿茶素的平均含量仅占‘贝拉大玫瑰’叶片中的相应含量的33.1%、42%和15%,可见变色品种叶片的多酚合成途径可能受到一定程度的阻碍。(4)‘金华美女’叶片中总花青苷平均含量达3.06 mg·g~(-1),是‘贝拉大玫瑰’的7倍。由此可见,叶片花青苷合成途径中红色类组分的积累和多酚合成途径中无色类组分的合成受阻,是引起‘金华美女’叶色变红的主要成因。
’Jinhua Beauty’ is a variety of Camellia that has been bred from ’Bella Rose,’ whose main feature is its dark red color. The contents of chlorophyll, carotenoids, total anthocyanins, cyanidin, total polyphenols, catechins and epicatechin in leaves of the above two cultivars were determined at four different developmental stages. The results showed that: (1) There were no significant differences in chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b between the two cultivars at the same stage. The results showed that the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway of red leaf varieties was also normal, and leaf color variation caused by chlorophyll variation was excluded. (2) The content of carotenoids in ’Jinhua beautiful’ leaves of red leaf varieties was significantly lower than that of ’Bella rose’ (3) In the four periods, the average content of total polyphenols, catechins and epicatechin in the leaves of ’Jinhua Beauty’ only accounted for ’Bellagio Rose’ The corresponding contents of 33.1%, 42% and 15% of the leaves showed that the pathway of polyphenol synthesis in leaves of discolored varieties may be hindered to a certain extent. (4) The average content of total anthocyanin in ’Jinhua’ was up to 3.06 mg · g ~ (-1), which was seven times that of ’Bella rose’. Thus, the accumulation of red components in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway and the synthesis of colorless components in the polyphenol synthesis pathway were blocked, which were the main causes of the leaf color reddening of ’Jinhua beautiful’ women.