论文部分内容阅读
多烯类抗真菌剂 1.制霉菌素:口服、阴道内置入和外用均无明显副作用。有时口服后出现腹泻、嗳气、呕吐、腹痛、食欲不振等胃肠症状,软膏可引起过敏性接触性皮炎。 2.二性霉素B:有效剂量和中毒剂量接近,故副作用较多。通常用药总量在2～3g以下时肾损伤程度尚不太严重,总剂量一旦超过5g即可能造成不可逆性肾损伤。故宜维持血液尿素氮(BUN)在50mg/dl以下,血清肌酸酐在3.5mg/dl以下。鞘内注射二性霉素B可出现眩晕、复视、末梢神经炎、痉挛、蛛网膜炎等神经系症状,偶尔还能见到半身麻痹。口服时有轻度消化系症状,如恶心、腹泻等。用量较大时更易发生。腹痛和口腔炎等不太常见。 3.游霉素:偶然可见局部红斑、水肿。
Polyene antifungal 1. Nystatin: oral, intravaginal and external use have no significant side effects. Sometimes after oral diarrhea, belching, vomiting, abdominal pain, loss of appetite and other gastrointestinal symptoms, ointment can cause allergic contact dermatitis. 2. Amphotericin B: effective dose and poisoning dose close, so more side effects. Usually the total amount of 2 ~ 3g in the following when the degree of renal damage is not too serious, the total dose of more than 5g may cause irreversible renal injury. It is appropriate to maintain blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 50mg / dl below, serum creatinine below 3.5mg / dl. Intrathecal injection of amphotericin B can appear dizziness, diplopia, peripheral neuritis, spasms, arachnoid inflammation and other neurological symptoms, and occasionally see the half body paralysis. Oral mild gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, diarrhea and so on. More dosage is more likely to occur. Abdominal pain and stomatitis are less common. 3. natamycin: Occasionally visible local erythema, edema.