住院医师规范化培训在我国医学生培养、培训基地建设、国家分级诊疗实施中起着无可替代的作用。本文在医学教育史视角下，经文献查阅和专家咨询讨论，将历史考据法和历史思辨法2种历史研究方法综合运用于住院医师规范化培训领域，先选取其培训模式、培训内容、导师制和并轨制这4个主要方面分别进行历史纵向探究，由点及面地描摹出我国住院医师规范化培训的历史演变进程，再进一步挖掘出制度内隐含于历史之下的规律趋势，将既往历史转化为现实逻辑，从而更好地从医学人才培养上构建医疗卫生行业新格局。“,”Resident standardized training plays an irreplaceable role in the training of medical students in China, including the construction of training bases, and the implementation of national graded diagnosis and treatment. From the perspective of medical education history, this project combined historical research methods and historical thinking methods into the field of standardized training for residents through literature review and expert consultation. The project selected the training mode, training content, tutor system and integration of the system. The four main aspects were historically and longitudinally explored, and the historical evolution of the standardized training of residents in China was described in a point-by-point manner. The regular trends hidden in the history in the system were further explored, and history was transformed into reality logic, so as to build a new pattern of medical and health industry from the cultivation of medical talents.