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在对行为当事人的“作为”或“懈怠”做道德责任评价的时候,应当既考虑到其在身体动作方面的能与否,又考虑到其在心智认识方面的能与否;既考虑到其行为的近因性因果关系控制,又考虑到其行为的远因性因果关系控制。以此观之,在当代西方分别以哈里·弗兰克福特和约翰·马丁·费舍尔等人为代表的两种道德责任归因理论中,后者虽然正确地认识和指出了前者的不足,但其对“懈怠”的道德责任负责条件的理解失之偏窄,而对“懈怠”的道德责任免责条件的理解则失之过宽。
When assessing the moral responsibility of “acting” or “slackening” of the actors, they should consider both their ability to act in the body and their ability to recognize their minds, taking into account their Behavior causal causality control, but also take into account the behavior of far-causal control. From this point of view, in contemporary western theories of attribution of moral responsibility, represented by Harry Frankfort and John Martin Fisher, respectively, the latter, though correctly recognizing and pointing out the deficiencies of the former, The understanding of the conditions of responsibility for “slackness” of moral responsibility is neglected, while the understanding of the condition of exemption of moral responsibility for “slackness” is far from broad.