目的为了维护社会安全和依法保障精神病人的合法权益，需要正确处理精神病违法者。实际上，人们对司法精神病学鉴定后的处理情况知之甚少。因此，进行此项调查研究。方法采用邮寄调查问卷的方式对四川省52个县市的183例精神病违法者进行调查。结果在处置精神病违法者的机关中，公安局占73．08％，法院占26．72％。有责任能力组中有2．22％被无罪释放；无责任能力组中有2．10％被判刑；部分责任能力组中有13．95％被无罪释放。结论公安局是处理精神病违法者的主要机构。存在不适当处置情况，尤其对部分责任能力者的处理更复杂、更困难。 Purpose In order to safeguard social security and protect the lawful rights and interests of mental patients in accordance with the law, it is necessary to correctly handle those who have mental disorders. In fact, little is known about the treatment of forensic psychiatry. Therefore, the survey conducted. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted by mail survey of 183 psychiatric offenders in 52 counties and cities in Sichuan Province. Results In the organs dealing with the criminal offenders, the Public Security Bureau accounted for 73.08%, the court accounted for 26.72%. 2.22% of the group of responsible persons were acquitted; 2.10% of the persons without responsibility group were sentenced; and 13.95% of the group of partial responsibility groups were acquitted. Conclusion The Public Security Bureau is the main agency dealing with people with mental disorders. There are cases of improper disposal. In particular, the handling of some responsible persons is more complex and difficult.