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近20年来利尿剂在医学上的应用已迅速增加,据估计1980年全世界利尿剂的应用已达225亿个病人日,花费17亿美元。若按目前的速率增长,至1985年将再增加1倍。利尿剂通过对肾小管的作用,改变电解质的重吸收功能以调节体内水、电解质平衡,对许多急、慢性疾病有特殊的治疗作用。但如滥用利尿剂则会适得其反。利尿剂的作用机理利尿剂是指增加尿液形成的一类药物。根据其作用机理、部位和效力,一般分成主要的五类,即有机汞类、碳酸酐酶抑制剂、噻嗪类、髓袢利尿剂和留钾利尿剂。也可根据其对钾排泄的影响,分成排钾利尿剂(前四类)和
The use of diuretics in medicine has increased rapidly in the past two decades. It is estimated that the diuretic use in the world reached 22.5 billion patient days in 1980, costing $ 1.7 billion. If the current rate of increase will be doubled by 1985. Diuretic tubules through the role of changes in electrolyte reabsorption to regulate the body’s water and electrolyte balance, for many acute and chronic diseases have a special therapeutic effect. However, the abuse of diuretics will be counterproductive. Diuretic mechanism of action Diuretic refers to the increase of urine formation of a class of drugs. According to its mechanism of action, location and effectiveness, are generally divided into five main categories, namely, organic mercury, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, thiazides, diarrhea and diuretics retaining potassium. Can also be based on its impact on potassium excretion, divided into rows of potassium diuretics (the first four categories) and