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The microstructure and microhardness of ADC12 alloy that was mixed with 0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 wt.％ rare earth praseodymium/cerium (Pr/Ce) were studied. The addition of Pr/Ce improved the microhardness of the alloys. The ADC12+0.6 wt％ Pr/Ce alloy displayed the smallest grain size and maximal microhardness. The tribological behavior of the alloys was tested by the pin-on-disc dry sliding friction pair with a sliding velocity of 0.21 m/s under various loads (20,40,60,80 N). The wear morphology was observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the wear mechanism was discussed. The result indicated that the wear resistance of ADC12+0.6 wt％ Pr/Ce alloy was the most optimal. The wear rate relative to the matrix is reduced by 67.5％ under a load of 20 N. The wear mechanism is adhesive wear.