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为探讨北京市儿童发热出疹性疾病的病因 ,2 0 0 1年在北京儿童医院收集了 85例出疹 3d内的患儿血清标本85份 ,咽喉拭子标本 18份 ,其中流动儿童 5 9例 (占 6 9 4 1% ) ,北京户籍 2 6例 (30 5 9% )。用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清中麻疹或风疹IgM抗体。结果 85份血清标本中麻疹IgM抗体阳性的 4 4例 ,剩余的 4 1份血清标本中风疹IgM抗体阳性 9例 ,两者全部阴性者 32例。IgM抗体阳性的确诊病例中 ,麻疹IgG抗体阳性 13例。用聚合酶链式反应 (PCR)检测 18例患儿咽喉拭子标本中的麻疹病毒核糖核酸 (RNA) ,结果 16份阳性。 16份中麻疹IgM抗体阳性的 9例 ,阴性的 7例。麻疹和风疹的确诊病例在柯氏 (Koplik)斑、结膜炎和出疹前的发热天数上有明显区别。在北京加强血清学监测和强化对流动人口的预防接种势在必行
In order to investigate the etiology of fever and rash in children in Beijing, 85 serum samples from 85 children with rash 3d were collected from Beijing Children’s Hospital in 2001, and 18 samples of throat swabs were collected. Among them, floating children 59 Cases (6 9 4 1%), Beijing 26 cases of household registration (30 5 9%). Serum measles or rubella IgM antibodies were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results 44 cases were positive for measles IgM antibody in 85 serum samples, 9 cases were positive for rubella IgM antibody in the remaining 41 serum samples, and 32 cases were negative for both. IgM antibody positive confirmed cases, measles IgG antibody-positive in 13 cases. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect measles virus RNA (RNA) in throat swab specimens from 18 children, and 16 were positive. Of the 16 samples, 9 were measles IgM positive and 7 were negative. The confirmed cases of measles and rubella differ significantly between Koplik spots, conjunctivitis and days before fever. It is imperative to strengthen serological surveillance and strengthen vaccination of floating population in Beijing