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卵巢癌在三种妇科恶性肿瘤中恶性度最高,是妇科恶性肿瘤患者死亡的主要病因。高级别浆液性卵巢癌(HGSC)是最常见、恶性度最高的上皮性卵巢癌,在发现时一般已为晚期。HGSC可能与BRCA1以及BRCA2基因的突变有直接关系。长久以来,我们一直认为HGSC起源于卵巢上皮细胞,但是,最近越来越多的证据表明,无论是在高风险的妇女中,还是在一般人群中,绝大多数卵巢癌均起源于输卵管上皮细胞。浆液性上皮内癌(STIC)可能最终发展成卵巢癌或腹膜癌。目前,预防性保留卵巢的输卵管切除术越来越被人们所接受,成为高风险妇女在绝经前降低患卵巢癌风险的做法。
Ovarian cancer has the highest degree of malignancy among the three gynecological malignancies and is the leading cause of death in patients with gynecologic malignancies. High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is the most common and most malignant epithelial ovarian cancer, usually late in the discovery. HGSC may be directly related to the mutation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. We have long believed that HGSCs originate in ovarian epithelial cells. However, there is a growing body of evidence recently showing that the vast majority of ovarian cancers, both in high-risk women and in the general population, originate from tubal epithelial cells . Serous intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) may eventually develop into ovarian or peritoneal cancer. At present, more and more people accept the salpingo-oophorectomy as a preventive preserving ovary, which reduces the risk of ovarian cancer in high-risk women before menopause.