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利用搅拌摩擦焊方法对7075铝合金板进行了焊接实验,观察和分析了缺陷的显微结构及形成原因。结果表明:焊接工艺参数对接头缺陷的形成具有重要的影响。当工艺参数不恰当时,会在焊接接头的焊核区与返回侧的热机影响区之间产生一条明显的黑线,并且其对组织和性能产生较大的影响。经扫描电镜及能谱分析表明,该黑线其实就是在焊缝中未形成连接或不完全连接而出现的“裂纹状”缺陷,是一种残余界面线。
The welding experiment of 7075 aluminum alloy plate was carried out by friction stir welding. The microstructure and the formation reason of the defect were observed and analyzed. The results show that the welding process parameters have an important influence on the formation of joint defects. When the process parameters are not suitable, there is a significant black line between the weld zone nuclei and the heat affected zone on the return side, and this has a significant effect on the microstructure and properties. Scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis show that the black line is actually a “crack-like” defect that is not formed or incompletely connected in the weld and is a residual interface line.