一般将心脏骤停分为心室颤动(简称室颤)、电机械分离和无收缩三种类型。本文就国外近年来对电机械分离的病理生理与临床研究进展作一综述。电机械分离的概念和发病机制各位学者从电机械分离的电生理改变、血流动力学影响、心电图特征、临床表现及预后的不同角度,给电机械分离下的定义不尽一致。例如,“有效心输出量消失时心电图呈现的综合波改变”。“心电图综合波改变持续到有效心输出量丧失”。“持续表现为心脏的电收缩,而无有效的机械收缩”。“心肌收缩完全终止后,连续的心电图表现”。“心脏有电除极但无同步的心肌纤维缩短,因而无心输出量”。“心脏停止时心律的终末状态。晚近,Stueven等给电机械分离下的定义是:有可辩认的心电图综合波改变(不包括室性心动过速和室颤)而无可触及或无 Generally, cardiac arrest is divided into ventricular fibrillation (referred to as ventricular fibrillation), electromechanical separation and no contraction of three types. This review summarizes the recent progress in the pathophysiology and clinical research of electromechanical separation in foreign countries. The concept of electromechanical separation and pathogenesis scholars from the electromechanical separation of electrophysiological changes, hemodynamic effects, ECG characteristics, clinical manifestations and prognosis of different angles, the definition of electromechanical separation is not the same. For example, “the ECG changes when the effective cardiac output disappears.” “ECG changes persist until effective cardiac output is lost.” “Continued performance of the heart’s electrical contraction, without effective mechanical contraction.” “Myocardial contraction completely discontinued after continuous ECG performance.” “The heart is electrically depolarized but not synchronized with myocardial fibers shortened, so unintentional output.” "The state of the heart at the end of the heart when cardiac arrest.Recently, Stueven and other electromechanical separation is defined as: a definable ECG changes (excluding ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation) and unreachable or not