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提出一种应用于柴油机的V形交叉孔油嘴结构,可视化结果表明了从交叉孔油嘴喷出的喷雾具有明显的扇状结构特征。试验比较了一个单孔油嘴和2种具有不同交叉角的交叉孔油嘴在不同试验条件下的喷雾特征,其中包括喷雾角及贯穿距。从雾化的角度比较分析采用PDA获得的3种试验油嘴的粒子算数平均直径(D10)的大小。采用喷雾体积放大倍率的概念定性地分析了油嘴结构及边界条件对喷雾分布及雾化特性的影响,与单孔油嘴相比,交叉孔油嘴具有更小的粒径及更高的喷雾体积放大倍率。喷孔内流的三维仿真计算表明:交叉孔结构对喷孔内流的影响是形成扇状喷雾及较大喷雾角的主要原因。
The V-shaped cross-hole nozzle structure applied to diesel engine is presented. The visualization results show that the spray sprayed from the cross-hole nozzle has obvious fan-shaped structure. The test compares the spray characteristics of a single-hole nozzle and two cross-hole nozzles with different cross angles under different test conditions, including the spray angle and penetration. From the perspective of atomization, the particle count average diameter (D10) of three kinds of test nozzles obtained by PDA was compared and analyzed. The concept of spray volume magnification was used to qualitatively analyze the influence of the nozzle structure and boundary conditions on the spray distribution and atomization characteristics. Compared with the single-hole nozzle, the cross-hole nozzle has a smaller particle size and a higher spray volume magnification . The three-dimensional simulation calculation of the inner flow of the nozzle hole shows that the influence of the cross-hole structure on the inner flow of the nozzle hole is the main reason for forming the fan spray and the larger spray angle.