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目的:调查传染性非典型肺炎(severeacuterespiratorysyndrome,SARS)相关3类人群创伤后应激障碍的发生情况及主要影响因素。方法:使用自拟应激源-认知情况问卷、事件影响量表、领悟社会支持量表、简易应对方式问卷、自尊量表、艾森克个性问卷作为工具,2003-09/10对山西省太原市SARS患者114人、一线医务人员89人及疫区公众93人进行调查。结果:①SARS患者、一线医务人员、疫区公众创伤后应激障碍症状检出率分别是55.1%,26%,31%;SARS患者创伤后应激障碍症状的检出率最高(P<0.01)。②3类人群创伤后应激障碍的发生率不同的主要原因是应激源强度与特征的不同。③消极应对方式是SARS患者、公众的危险因素,自尊是SARS患者和一线医务人员的保护因素,社会支持是一线医务人员的保护因素。结论:①在SARS事件应激暴露强度不同的各人群中均产生了创伤后应激障碍症状,SARS患者的创伤后应激障碍症状检出率最高。②组间差异的主要原因是应激源强度,不同人群产生创伤后应激障碍的影响因素不完全相同。
Objective: To investigate the incidence and main influencing factors of post-traumatic stress disorder in three groups of people associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Methods: Using self-developed stress-cognition questionnaire, incident impact scale, perceived social support scale, simple coping style questionnaire, self-esteem scale and Eysenck personality questionnaire as tools, 114 SARS patients in Taiyuan, 89 frontline medical personnel and 93 public in the affected area were investigated. Results: ①The detection rate of post-traumatic stress disorder in SARS patients and frontline medical staffs was 55.1%, 26% and 31% respectively. The detection rate of post-traumatic stress disorder in SARS patients was the highest (P <0.01) . ② The main reason for the different incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder in Category 3 population is the difference in strength and characteristics of stressors. ③ Negative coping style is a risk factor for SARS patients and the public. Self-esteem is a protective factor for patients with SARS and first-line medical staff. Social support is a protective factor for frontline medical staff. Conclusions: ①Patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been found in all groups with different exposure intensity to SARS events. The incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder in SARS patients is the highest. ② The main reason for the difference between groups is the strength of stressors, and the influencing factors of post-traumatic stress disorder in different populations are not exactly the same.