本文指出,十九世纪五六十年代,中国出现了一种新的社会思潮,其核心是向西方学习,发展资本主义。本文选取了其代表人物的思想加以比较,分析了各种改革主张的异同及其原因,指出由于改革者在运动中主从地位的不同,改革的成效与面貌也有相应的差异,它为中国近代第一次大规模的现代化运动——洋务运动提供了理论依据。 This paper points out that in the 1950s and 1960s, a new trend of social thought emerged in China. Its core was to learn from the West and develop capitalism. This article chooses the representative person’s thought to compare, analyzes the similarities and differences of various kinds of reform advocates and its reason, points out that because of the difference of the main and subordinate position of the reformer in the movement, the reform’s effectiveness and appearance also has the corresponding discrepancy, The first large-scale modernization movement, the Westernization Movement, provided the theoretical basis.