讨论临床特点 (1)该例51岁,男性,呈慢性重病容.(2)主要症状为咳嗽,气喘,呼吸困难。主要体征为口唇紫绀,颈静脉怒张,肝大,肝颈返流征阳性,全身浮肿,腹水,心尖部Sm Ⅲ/6.(3)心脏普遍增大。诊断与鉴别诊断根据上述特点,可考虑下列疾病: Discussion of clinical features (1) The case of 51 years old, male, was a chronic severe disease. (2) The main symptoms of cough, asthma, difficulty breathing. The main signs of cyanosis of the lips, jugular vein engorgement, hepatomegaly, liver cirrhosis positive, systemic edema, ascites, apical Sm Ⅲ / 6. (3) The heart generally increased. Diagnosis and differential diagnosis According to the above characteristics, the following diseases can be considered: