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对２８３名４～９岁的早产儿进行智力发育追踪调查，随机选择２８３名足月正常体重儿做对照。结果显示：早产儿组智商（ＩＱ）值明显低于足月儿组（Ｐ＜０．０００１）。在孕周＜３０周的早产儿中ＩＱ＜７０者占８０％；孕周３０～３２周中占４３．７％；出生体重＜１５００克的早产儿ＩＱ＜７０者占４０．７％。对影响早产儿智力发育的因素作多元逐步回归分析，提示出生孕周、体重、早期教育、新生儿疾病、孕期营养、父母受教育年限、儿童头围、婴儿期喂养方式、窒息、喂养时间，师资水平为主要危险因素。
A total of 283 preterm infants aged 4-9 years were followed up for mental development. A total of 283 full-term normal weight infants were selected as controls. The results showed that the IQ of premature infants was significantly lower than that of term infants (P <0.0001). IQ <70 in preterm infants <30 weeks gestational age accounted for 80%; gestational age was 43.7% in 30 to 32 weeks; IQ <70 accounted for 40.7% of preterm infants born <1500 grams. The factors influencing the mental development of preterm infants were analyzed by multiple stepwise regression analysis, which showed that gestational age, weight, early education, neonatal diseases, nutrition during pregnancy, parental years of education, head circumference, infancy feeding, asphyxia, feeding time, Teachers as the main risk factors.