目的了解苯、甲苯、二甲苯与噪声的联合作用对听力的影响。方法 2014年5—7月对深圳市某机械制造厂进行职业卫生学调查和危害因素检测,设立接触苯、甲苯、二甲苯与噪声联合的观察组(A组)和单纯接触噪声的对照组(B组),比较分析听力损伤的差异。结果 A、B两组噪声强度分别为(88.7±2.3)和(89.5±2.1)d B(A),其差异无统计学意义(t=0.346,P>0.05)。A组工作场所空气中苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度分别为0.1~0.6、7.5~16.5和6.5~19.8 mg/m3,均未超过职业接触限值;B组未检出。A组劳动者语频和高频段听阈均明显高于B组,其差异均有统计学意义(t=2.125、4.018,均P<0.05)。A、B两组劳动者纯音听阈测试值随着暴露时间的延长各频段的听阈值均有提高。在A组中,暴露时间<5 a的劳动者各频段纯音听阈测试值与B组的差异无统计学意义(t=0.815~1.501,均P>0.05);但暴露时间≥5 a的A组劳动者各频段纯音听阈测试值与B组比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=1.825~5.323,P<0.05)。结论苯系物和噪声联合作用对劳动者听力损伤具有协同作用。 Objective To understand the combined effect of benzene, toluene, xylene and noise on hearing. Methods From May to July 2014, occupational hygiene investigation and hazardous factor testing were conducted on a machinery factory in Shenzhen City. An observation group (A group) and a noise-only exposure group (group A) exposed to benzene, toluene, xylene and noise were established B group), comparative analysis of hearing loss differences. Results The noise intensities of group A and group B were (88.7 ± 2.3) and (89.5 ± 2.1) d B (A) respectively, with no significant difference (t = 0.346, P> 0.05). The concentrations of benzene, toluene and xylene in the air of workplace A were 0.1 ~ 0.6, 7.5 ~ 16.5 and 6.5 ~ 19.8 mg / m3, respectively, and the occupational exposure limits were not exceeded. The labor frequency in group A and the hearing threshold in high frequency group were significantly higher than those in group B (t = 2.125, 4.018, all P <0.05). A, B two groups of workers Pure tone threshold test value With the extension of exposure time, the hearing thresholds of all bands have increased. In group A, there was no significant difference between pure tone audiometry threshold and working frequency of workers in group <5 years (t = 0.815-1.501, all P> 0.05), but group A Compared with B group, pure tone threshold of laborers in each frequency band was significantly different (t = 1.825-5.323, P <0.05). Conclusions The combination of benzene series and noise has synergistic effect on hearing impairment of laborers.