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近三十年文艺意识形态问题一直是中国研究者争论的热点。通过对意识形态内涵就文学本性与意识形态的关系方面进行重点梳理,归纳出四种类型:一是文学的本性是意识形态或特殊的意识形态;二是文学的本性不是意识形态,而是社会意识形式;三是文学的本性不是意识形态,但与意识形态相关;四是跳出文学本性与意识形态的直接关系,提倡对意识形态内涵作泛化的理解。文艺的意识形态应从学理入手,以哲学为支撑点,以马克思文艺理论为根基,以具体文本为阵地,在与社会意识相契合下来理解。文艺的意识形态使得文艺思想观念与物质条件的关系转变成一种自然的普遍状态,不仅仅是文学思想观念中对现实社会的反映,更被赋予了一种积极的文艺政治力量。
Nearly 30 years of literary and ideological issues has always been a hot debate among Chinese researchers. By focusing on the relationship between the nature of ideology and the ideology, we conclude four types: first, the nature of literature is ideology or special ideology; second, the nature of literature is not ideology but social Thirdly, the nature of literature is not ideology, but it is related to ideology; fourth, it jumps out of the direct relation between the nature of literature and ideology and advocates the generalization of ideological connotation. The ideology of literature and art should start from the theory of learning, take the philosophy as the supporting point, regard the Marxist theory of literature and art as the foundation, take the concrete text as the position, and understand with the social consciousness. The ideology of literature and art has transformed the relationship between the ideas of literature and art and the material conditions into a natural universal state. It is not only a reflection of the real society in the notion of literary ideas, but also an active force of literature, art and politics.