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长期以来 ,人们对斯密的国际贸易理论存在着误解 ,认为它是静态理论 ,不符合现实情况。事实上 ,斯密是从国民经济发展的角度探讨国际贸易及其与经济发展的互动关系的 ,因而具有动态分析的特点。他在其著作《国富论》中表达了比较优势的基本思想 ,强调后来获得的要素及运输成本对一国优势地位和对外贸易的影响 ,认为不发达的农业国可通过学习和采用先进的生产技术获得优势 ,主张按具体情况对不同产品实行关税政策和渐进式的自由贸易政策。
For a long time, people have misunderstood Smith’s theory of international trade, believing it to be a static theory and not in conformity with the actual situation. In fact, Smith explores the interaction between international trade and its economic development from the perspective of national economy development and thus has the characteristics of dynamic analysis. He expressed the basic idea of comparative advantage in his book The Wealth of Nations, stressing the influence of later acquired elements and transportation costs on the dominance of a country and the impact on foreign trade. He argued that an underdeveloped agricultural country can learn and adopt advanced production Advantages of technology, advocated according to the specific circumstances of different products, the implementation of tariff policy and gradual free trade policy.