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以电子商务为基础的信息技术的广泛应用,不仅降低了交易成本,而且导致了供应商关系的巨大变化。当搜寻成本和其他的协调成本降低时,传统的理论推断,企业将增加与之进行交易的供应商数量。虽然信息技术的发展导致了这些成本的下降,但是并没有明显的证据显示供应商的数量确实在增加,与之相反,很多产业中的企业却正在同越来越少的供应商做生意。本文将提出一个一体化的分析框架,研究信息技术对产业组织的全面影响,并应用这一框架分析企业间系统(IOS)的投资激励和资产所有权结构,应用不完全合约理论研究关系专用性投资和最优供应商数量的确定。
The widespread use of e-commerce-based information technology has not only reduced transaction costs but also led to dramatic changes in supplier relationships. As search costs and other coordination costs have been reduced, traditional theory has concluded that firms will increase the number of suppliers with whom they deal. While the cost of these technologies has led to a decline in the development of information technology, there is no clear evidence that the number of suppliers is indeed increasing. In contrast, businesses in many industries are doing business with fewer and fewer suppliers. This article will present an integrated analytical framework to study the overall impact of IT on industrial organizations and to apply this framework to analyze IOS investment incentives and asset ownership structures and apply incomplete contract theory to study relationship-specific investment And determine the optimal number of suppliers.