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最好是把词类活用的范围缩小,成为修辞学里的概念。两个熟悉的词,如果是第一次搭配在一起,或者出现在意想不到的语言环境时,就会产生新鲜之感,就能获得修辞效果。为了达到修辞的目的,在特定的上下文中,故意把甲类词硬拿来当乙类词用,这是修辞性的词类活用。词的修辞活用,不论是语义上的或语法上的,往往是个别人在个别场合下的偶然用法,虽为全民所理解,却不为全民所惯用。修辞性的词类活用不会导致一个词从甲词类转化到乙词类。当然如果活用经常化,也就可能成为词类转变,从修辞现象变成词汇语法现象,词典里也就得有它的地位。
It is best to reduce the scope of part-of-speech utilization to become a concept in rhetoric. Two familiar words, if the first time together, or appear in the unexpected language environment, will have a sense of freshness, you can get the rhetorical effect. In order to achieve the purpose of rhetoric, in a particular context, the deliberate use of a class A word as a class B word, which is rhetorical use of words. The rhetorical use of words, either semantic or grammatical, is often an occasional usage of an individual on a few occasions. Although it is understood by the whole people, it is not used by all. Rhetorical use of words does not result in the conversion of a word from A to B. Of course, if the use of recurrent, it may become a part of the word change, from the rhetorical phenomenon into a grammar phenomenon, the dictionary will have its place.