论文部分内容阅读
need是在中学课本中用法出现较多的一词,同时也是中学英语“四会”(听、说、读、写)词汇之一。正确理解和运用need是教学大纲的要求。许多同学因为对其用法掌握不够全面而在考试中失分。本文特为同学们归纳了need作行为动词、情态动词和名词的用法,以供大家复习参考。
need作行为动词
一、表示“需要”讲时,后可接名词和代词。
1. Everyone needs water and food. 每一个人都需要水的食物。
2. I don’t need any help. 我不需要任何帮助。
3. Do you need some friends to support you. 你需要一些朋友去支持你吗?
二、表示主动时后接动词不定式。它的否定形式在need前加上相应的助动词,一般疑问句把相应的助动词提前。
1. Everyone needs to improve themselves every day. 每个人每天都需要提高自己。
2. You need to do your homework by yourself. 你需要自己做你的家庭作业。
3. He doesn’t need to do so much work. 他不需要做这么多的工作。
4. Do they need to finish it right now? 他们需要马上完成吗?
三、表示被动时后接动词-ing形式或to be done。否定句和一般疑问句的变化和表示动时一样也是变化相应的助动词。
1. The old need looking after. 或: The old need to be looked after. 老人们需要照顾。
2. My watch doesn’t need fixing. 或: My watch doesn’t need to be fixed. 我的手表不需要修。
3. Do these flowers need watering? 或: Do these flowers need to be watered?这些花需要浇水吗?
need作情态动词
一、need作情态动词时后接动词原形。否定式在need后直接加not, 一般疑问句把need提前。
1. You need go home now. 你现在需要回家。
2 .You needn’t go home now. 你现在不需要回家。
3. Need I go home now? 我现在需要回家吗?
注:但要强调的是如果need作情态动词不能单独充当谓语。情态动词必须与一个实义动词一起构成复合谓语,并且这个实义动词要始终是动词原形。如:They need much food此处的need只能是作行为动词讲,因为后面直接带宾语。这句的否定形式只能为: They don’t need much food. 一般疑问句也只能是: Do they need much food? 而不能为: They needn’t much food. 或: Need they much food?
need作名词
一、need作为名词,含义为“缺乏,需要”;其复数表示“基本需要”。要掌握两个词组:in (great) need of(急需); meet the needs of(满足……的需要)。
That area is in great need of water. 那个地方非常需要水。
You have no need to explain to me. 你没有必要解释给我听。
【巩固练习】
1. If you ______ it, you ______ buy it!
A. needn’t; don’t need
B. needn’t; needn’t
C. don’t need; don’t need
D. don’t need; needn’t
2. You ______ any help, do you?
A. don’t need
B. needn’t
C. need
D. doesn’t need
3. Need the doctor ______ with you tonight?
A. staying B. stay
C. stays D. to stay
4. Look!Your shirt is so dirty. It _______ .
A. need washing
B. need to wash
C. needs washing
D. need wash
5. The supply can’t ______ the demand.
A. meet need of
B. meet the need of
C. meet the needs of
D. meet needs of
6. The hospital is ______ blood.
A. in great need of
B. on great need of
C. in great need with
D. on great need with
【答案解析】
1. 答案是D。第一个空后面只有宾语it,所以此处的need只能是作行为动词用(因为作情态动词用时后一定要接动词后才能接宾语)我们可以排除A和B,C项中第二个空中的need是作行为动词用的,后接动词要用不定式的结构。
2. 答案是A,因为后有个反意疑问句do you, 所以此处的need是作行为动词,反意疑问句前否定后肯定。
3. 答案是B。need 提前只能做情态动词,后用动词的原形。
4. 答案是C。此处意思是衣服脏了被洗,可用ing和to be done的句型。
5. 答案是C。此题为固定词组meet the needs of;(满足……的需要)。
6. 答案是A。此题为固定词组in (great) need of(急需)的用法。
综上所述,need一词用法比较复杂,但只要细心总结,一定可以做到事半功倍,在学习英语中,总结是个很重要过程,大家在学习英语的过程中要善于总结,找到可行的学习方法。
【作者单位: 江苏省句容市天王中学】
责任编辑:李君
need作行为动词
一、表示“需要”讲时,后可接名词和代词。
1. Everyone needs water and food. 每一个人都需要水的食物。
2. I don’t need any help. 我不需要任何帮助。
3. Do you need some friends to support you. 你需要一些朋友去支持你吗?
二、表示主动时后接动词不定式。它的否定形式在need前加上相应的助动词,一般疑问句把相应的助动词提前。
1. Everyone needs to improve themselves every day. 每个人每天都需要提高自己。
2. You need to do your homework by yourself. 你需要自己做你的家庭作业。
3. He doesn’t need to do so much work. 他不需要做这么多的工作。
4. Do they need to finish it right now? 他们需要马上完成吗?
三、表示被动时后接动词-ing形式或to be done。否定句和一般疑问句的变化和表示动时一样也是变化相应的助动词。
1. The old need looking after. 或: The old need to be looked after. 老人们需要照顾。
2. My watch doesn’t need fixing. 或: My watch doesn’t need to be fixed. 我的手表不需要修。
3. Do these flowers need watering? 或: Do these flowers need to be watered?这些花需要浇水吗?
need作情态动词
一、need作情态动词时后接动词原形。否定式在need后直接加not, 一般疑问句把need提前。
1. You need go home now. 你现在需要回家。
2 .You needn’t go home now. 你现在不需要回家。
3. Need I go home now? 我现在需要回家吗?
注:但要强调的是如果need作情态动词不能单独充当谓语。情态动词必须与一个实义动词一起构成复合谓语,并且这个实义动词要始终是动词原形。如:They need much food此处的need只能是作行为动词讲,因为后面直接带宾语。这句的否定形式只能为: They don’t need much food. 一般疑问句也只能是: Do they need much food? 而不能为: They needn’t much food. 或: Need they much food?
need作名词
一、need作为名词,含义为“缺乏,需要”;其复数表示“基本需要”。要掌握两个词组:in (great) need of(急需); meet the needs of(满足……的需要)。
That area is in great need of water. 那个地方非常需要水。
You have no need to explain to me. 你没有必要解释给我听。
【巩固练习】
1. If you ______ it, you ______ buy it!
A. needn’t; don’t need
B. needn’t; needn’t
C. don’t need; don’t need
D. don’t need; needn’t
2. You ______ any help, do you?
A. don’t need
B. needn’t
C. need
D. doesn’t need
3. Need the doctor ______ with you tonight?
A. staying B. stay
C. stays D. to stay
4. Look!Your shirt is so dirty. It _______ .
A. need washing
B. need to wash
C. needs washing
D. need wash
5. The supply can’t ______ the demand.
A. meet need of
B. meet the need of
C. meet the needs of
D. meet needs of
6. The hospital is ______ blood.
A. in great need of
B. on great need of
C. in great need with
D. on great need with
【答案解析】
1. 答案是D。第一个空后面只有宾语it,所以此处的need只能是作行为动词用(因为作情态动词用时后一定要接动词后才能接宾语)我们可以排除A和B,C项中第二个空中的need是作行为动词用的,后接动词要用不定式的结构。
2. 答案是A,因为后有个反意疑问句do you, 所以此处的need是作行为动词,反意疑问句前否定后肯定。
3. 答案是B。need 提前只能做情态动词,后用动词的原形。
4. 答案是C。此处意思是衣服脏了被洗,可用ing和to be done的句型。
5. 答案是C。此题为固定词组meet the needs of;(满足……的需要)。
6. 答案是A。此题为固定词组in (great) need of(急需)的用法。
综上所述,need一词用法比较复杂,但只要细心总结,一定可以做到事半功倍,在学习英语中,总结是个很重要过程,大家在学习英语的过程中要善于总结,找到可行的学习方法。
【作者单位: 江苏省句容市天王中学】
责任编辑:李君