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目的了解北京赴非洲旅行者的疟疾防治知识知晓现状,分析其影响因素,为旅行者的疟疾防治工作提供参考依据。方法采取整群抽样方法,选取于2013年6-7月北京国际旅行卫生保健中心体检的515名赴非洲旅行者,采用自行设计的问卷进行疟疾防治知识调查。应用Logistic回归分析年龄、户籍、是否居住在北京、文化程度、出国目的及曾经是否了解过疟疾知识等因素对疟疾知识知晓程度的影响。结果本研究515份问卷中,有效问卷458份,有效率为88.93%(458/515)。疟疾知识问题的平均应答正确率为72.93%。其中,关于避蚊胺(DEET)问题的应答正确率最低为43.0%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、户籍、曾经是否了解过疟疾知识与疟疾知识合格率相关。50岁及以上旅行者的疟疾防治知识合格率低于29岁及以下者(OR=0.331,P<0.05),城镇户籍高于农村户籍(OR=2.715,P<0.05),了解过疟疾知识高于未了解过(OR=6.128,P<0.05)。结论赴非洲旅行者中农村居民及50岁及以上人群需要进一步了解疟疾防治知识,相关部门应针对出境旅行者的不同特点有针对性地开展疟疾相关知识的健康教育活动。
Objective To understand the status quo of knowledge about malaria prevention and treatment of travelers from Beijing to Africa and analyze the influencing factors so as to provide a reference for malaria control of travelers. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 515 travelers from Africa to Beijing International Travel Health Care Center from June to July 2013 to conduct malaria prevention and treatment surveys using self-designed questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influence of age, household registration, residence in Beijing, education level, purpose of going abroad and knowledge of malaria knowledge on malaria knowledge. Results In the 515 questionnaires, 458 valid questionnaires were valid, with an effective rate of 88.93% (458/515). The average response rate of malaria knowledge was 72.93%. Among them, the lowest response rate to DEET was 43.0%. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, household registration, knowledge of past malaria knowledge and malaria knowledge pass rate. The malaria control knowledge pass rate of travelers aged 50 years and above was lower than 29 years old and below (OR = 0.331, P <0.05), and the urban household registration was higher than that of rural residents (OR = 2.715, P <0.05) Never understood (OR = 6.128, P <0.05). Conclusion The rural residents who travel to Africa and the population aged 50 and over need to know more about the malaria prevention and treatment knowledge. Relevant departments should carry out the health education activities aimed at malaria-related knowledge according to the different characteristics of outbound travelers.