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寻找碳酸盐岩油藏的关键就是要找到充满流体的大型溶洞。塔河油田的勘探实践表明 ,应用频率差异分析技术可以有效的鉴别溶洞充填物的性质。当溶洞全为流体充填时 ,其地震波具有强振幅、低速度及调谐性的特征 ;当充填粘稠的半流体时 ,其调谐反射相当于绝对反射的 90 ;当充填物为疏松沉积物时 ,其调谐反射也相当于绝对反射的 77 。以上几种介质 ,都很有可能是油的储集体。对于主频集中在 2 0～ 30Hz的反射波而言 ,只要溶洞高度在 2～ 3m以上就能识别。该技术在塔河油田进行了应用 ,其连片三维区溶洞分布层及纵、横向连通情况清晰可见 ;在S4 8井中的风化面下 ,发现了 4层古暗河
The key to finding carbonate reservoirs is to find large caves filled with fluid. The exploration practice in Tahe Oilfield shows that the application of frequency difference analysis technology can effectively identify the nature of cave filling. When the karst cave is full of fluid filling, the seismic wave has the characteristics of strong amplitude, low velocity and tuning; when the viscous semi-fluid is filled, the tuning reflection is equivalent to the absolute reflection 90; when the filling is loose sediment, Its tuning reflections are also equivalent to 77 for absolute reflections. The above several media, are likely to be the oil reservoir. For the reflected wave whose frequency is concentrated in 20 ~ 30Hz, as long as the cave height above 2 ~ 3m can be identified. The technology has been applied in Tahe Oilfield. The distribution of the karst caves in the contiguous three-dimensional area and its vertical and horizontal connectivity are clearly visible. Under the weathering surface in Well S4-8, four layers of ancient dark river