Nationality classification refers to identifing ethnic composition and ethnic names . Since ancient times , China has been a unified multi -ethnic country .In order to implement a policy of equality for the nationalities , and espe-cially to implement the system of regional ethnic autonomy , and ensure the fundamental rights of ethnic minorities , we must first clarify the situation and composition of the nationalities .As such, un-dertaking the task of nationality classification in southwest China was both urgent and arduous . Generally speaking , the research on “nationality classification” in Southwest China has experienced two major stages since the founding of New China , namely it has gone from official safeguarding to ac-ademic discussion .