由于信息的不完全性、抽象思维的局限性、预测的不准确性、假定的不可靠性和实施者的差异性等不确定性因素的存在 ,决策往往与风险相伴随。邓小平所说的“摸着石头过河”是一种渐进决策的方式。他提出了风险决策的各个主要环节 :制定一切政策 ,要从实际出发 ;制定一个目标十分重要 ;大胆地试 ,大胆地闯 ;每走一步都要总结经验。邓小平认为评判决策有两个标准 ,即检验认识之真理性的实践标准和以人民的利益为出发点和归宿的价值标准 Due to the incompleteness of information, the limitations of abstract thinking, the inaccuracy of prediction, the unreliability of assumptions and the uncertainty of implementers, decision-making is often accompanied by risks. Deng Xiaoping said that “feeling the stones across the river” is a way of making incremental decisions. He put forward all the major aspects of risk decision making: formulating all policies, proceeding from reality; setting a goal of utmost importance; boldly testing and daringly going forward; and summing up experience every step of the way. Deng Xiaoping believes that there are two criteria for judging and making decisions, that is, the practical standards for testing the truth of understanding and the value standard starting from the interest of the people and ending up