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以中国31个省区1982—2011年的面板数据,首先核算人力资本和经济增长的综合指数,然后基于固定效应模型和分位数回归方法考察了人力资本对经济增长的作用。研究结果显示,各省区人力资本的经济增长效应较为明显,但在不同分位数水平及不同区域间,这种作用存在着显著差异。对东部地区来说,人力资本对经济增长的推动作用相对较强,对中西部而言,物质资本和劳动力投入仍然是拉动经济增长的主要动力,人力资本的作用相对较低。
Based on the panel data of 31 provinces and autonomous regions in China from 1982 to 2011, the comprehensive index of human capital and economic growth is first calculated. Then the effect of human capital on economic growth is examined based on the fixed-effects model and quantile regression. The results show that the economic growth effect of human capital in all provinces and autonomous regions is more obvious, but there are significant differences in this function between different quantile levels and different regions. For the eastern region, human capital has a relatively strong impetus to economic growth. For the central and western regions, material capital and labor input are still the main driving forces for economic growth while human capital plays a relatively lower role.