目的建立一种简便、快速的鉴定流行性腮腺炎病毒(Mumps Virus,MuV)基因的方法,即一步法逆转录-聚合酶链反应(Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction,RT-PCR)。方法在MuV小疏水蛋白(Small-hydrophobin Protein,SH)基因两端设计引物,同时对所建立的一步法RT-PCR方法进行敏感性和特异性实验。结果一步法RT-PCR方法至少能检测出MuV100.7TCID50(Median Tissue Culture Infective Dose,50%组织培养感染剂量),5株MuV均呈阳性,而4株非MuV呼吸道病毒RT-PCR结果均未见阳性条带。结论一步法RT-PCR是一种快速、简便的鉴定MuV SH基因的方法。 Objective To establish a simple and rapid method for the identification of Mumps Virus (MuV) gene, one-step RT-PCR. Methods Primers were designed at both ends of MuV Small-hydrophobin Protein (SH) gene, and the sensitivity and specificity of the established one-step RT-PCR method were tested. Results One-step RT-PCR method was able to detect at least MuV100.7TCID50 (Median Tissue Culture Infective Dose) and all five strains of MuV were positive. However, none of the four non-MuV respiratory virus RT-PCR results were found Positive band. Conclusion One-step RT-PCR is a rapid and simple method to identify MuV SH gene.