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目的了解宁夏地区常住居民高血压流行现状及其危险因素,为其高血压的防治提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样对宁夏5个县(市)≥18岁的11009名居民进行调查。内容包括一般情况、高血压及心脑血管疾病史,可能与高血压有关的影响因素。研究因素进行单因素分析及多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果血压正常4575人,占41.6%;正常高值血压4471人,占40.6%;宁夏地区高血压标化后的患病率为13.1%,其中男性20.6%,女性22.6%,女性患病率高于男性(χ2=6.220,P=0.013);回族18.5%,汉族23.9%,回族患病率低于汉族(χ2=45.274,P=0.000)。高血压的危险因素为中心型肥胖、心血管病家族史、高盐饮食、年龄、超重、饮酒、吸烟、嗜肉食、女性、轻体力劳动。结论宁夏地区高血压患病率高于2002年全国水平,正常高值血压人群比例接近全国水平;肥胖和不健康的行为生活方式是高血压的主要危险因素。
Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among the permanent residents in Ningxia and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Methods The stratified cluster random sampling was used to investigate 11,009 residents aged 18 or older in 5 counties (cities) in Ningxia. Including the general situation, history of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, may be associated with hypertension-related factors. Univariate analysis of factors and multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis. Results The normal blood pressure was 4575, accounting for 41.6%. The normal high blood pressure was 4471, accounting for 40.6%. The prevalence of hypertension was 13.1% in Ningxia, including 20.6% for males and 22.6% for females, and the prevalence of females was high In males (χ2 = 6.220, P = 0.013), Hui was 18.5% and Han was 23.9%. The prevalence of Hui was lower than Han (χ2 = 45.274, P = 0.000). The risk factors for hypertension were central obesity, family history of cardiovascular disease, high-salt diet, age, overweight, alcohol consumption, smoking, addicted to meat, women, and light manual labor. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in Ningxia is higher than that of the national average in 2002, and the proportion of people with normal high blood pressure is close to the national level. The obese and unhealthy behavioral lifestyle are the major risk factors of hypertension.