长距离显微镜破除了只能近距离观测的传统，使微观观测可在高温、高压、有腐蚀气体的环境中进行，可广泛用于材料微观观测、化工、医学、司法鉴定等各个领域，本文着重介绍中科院上海天文台研制成功的ＬＤＭ－Ⅱ型长距离显微镜光学、机械结构特点及各种性能指标，用户正利用其独特的功能从事各种不同领域的工作。 Long-distance microscopes have broken the tradition of being able to observe only in short distances, making microscopic observations possible in environments with high temperatures, high pressures and corrosive gases. They are widely used in various fields such as material microscopy, chemical engineering, medicine and forensic identification. Introduced the successful development of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory LDM-Ⅱ long-distance optical microscope, mechanical structure and various performance indicators, the user is using its unique features in a variety of different areas of work.