As is well known, the exact evolution equation of the curvature perturbation plays a very important role in investigation of the inflation power spectrum of the flat universe. However, the corresponding exact extension for the non-flat universes has not yet been given clearly. Interest in the non-flat, specially closed, universes has been aroused recently. The need for this extension is pressing. We start with the most elementary physical consideration and obtain finally this exact evolution equation of the curvature perturbation for the non-flat universes, as well as the evolutionary controlling parameter and the exact expression of the variable mass in this equation. We approximately perform a primitive and immature analysis on the power spectrum of non-flat universes. This analysis shows that the exact evolution equation of the curvature perturbation for the non-flat universes is very complicated, and we need to carry out many numerical and analytic works for this new equation in the future to judge whether the universe is flat or closed by comparison of theories with observations.