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为全面理解人因分析与分类系统(HFACS),通过剖析HFACS和24Model各层的具体含义,将HFACS的细节层级元素对应到24Model中予以研究。作者发现,HFACS中各层级的142个元素都能对应到24Model中,24Model能完整地包含HFACS的全部内容且涵盖更广。其中,HFACS细节层级的元素对应到24Model不安全动作的元素有47.5个,HFACS中不安全动作包含一些导致不安全动作产生的元素,不甚合理;对应到不安全物态的元素有7个,但HFACS未将不安全物态作单独考虑;对应到习惯性不安全行为的元素有52.5个;对应到组织层面的元素有31个,HFACS仅列举影响安全的组织因素,24Model中分析了为控制这些因素提供系统化管理方法和管理框架的安全管理体系的缺欠;对应到外部原因的元素有4个,24Model组织外部原因的内容涵盖更全面。
For a complete understanding of the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), the level-of-detail elements of HFACS are mapped into 24 Model by examining the specific implications of the HFACS and 24Model levels. The authors found that 142 elements at all levels of the HFACS can be mapped into 24Model, 24Model can completely cover the entire content of HFACS and cover a wider range. Among them, the elements of the HFACS level of detail correspond to 47.5 elements of the 24Model unsafe action, and the unsafe actions in the HFACS include some elements that cause the unsafe action, which is not reasonable; there are seven elements corresponding to the unsafe state, However, HFACS did not consider unsafe conditions separately; there were 52.5 elements corresponding to habitual unsafe behavior; 31 elements corresponded to the organizational level; HFACS only listed the organizational factors affecting safety; 24Model analyzed the control factors These factors provide a flaw in the security management system that systematically manages methods and management frameworks; there are four elements that correspond to external causes, and 24Model organizations’ external causes cover more comprehensively.