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目的 探讨海洛因对小鼠视网膜结构的影响.方法 60只昆明小鼠随机分为对照组和海洛因组2组,海洛因组用递增剂量(2,3,4 g/L)连续(1～5、6～10和11 ～15 d)腹腔注射海洛因溶液15 d(每d2次,每次0.2ml),对照组注射等量生理盐水.称量检测小鼠体重及眼球重的变化,用生物显微技术观察小鼠视网膜组织结构的变化,用比色法检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化,用免疫组织化学法检测Bax和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)蛋白的表达情况.结果 海洛因组小鼠体重和眼球重量均低于对照组,小鼠视网膜组织均有不同程度的损伤,神经节细胞减少,出现空泡样变性,内核层和外核层结构紊乱,疏松成网状;视网膜组织SOD活性显著降低,MDA含量显著增加;Bax,TNF-α蛋白表达显著增加.结论 海洛因会降低视网膜组织抗氧化能力,使组织脂质过氧化反应增加,诱导视网膜细胞凋亡和炎症的发生,对视网膜有一定的损伤效应.“,”Objective To investigate the effect of heroin on mouse retina.Methods Sixty mice were randomly divided into 2 groups:the control group and the heroin group.The heroin group was intraperitoneally injected with heroin at the increasing doses (2,3,4 g/L) continuously(1-5,6-10 and 11-15 d) for 15 days (twice a day,×0.2 ml),and the control group was injected with equivalence saline.The changes of the body and eyeball were weighted.The structural changes of the retinal tissue of mice were observed by microscopy.Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malonaldehyde(MDA) in retinal tissue were detected by colorimetry.Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expressions of Bax and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) protein in retina.Results Both body weight and eyeball weight of the heroin group were lower than that of the control group.The retinal tissues in mice appeared different degrees of damage after heroin injection.The ganglion cells were decreased and appeared cavity degeneration,the inner nuclear layer and the outer nuclear layer arrangement confusion and loose.The activity of SOD was significantly reduced while the content of MDA was significantly increased in the retinal tissue.The expressions of Bax and TNF-α protein in retina were significantly increased.Conclusion Heroin may reduce antioxidant capacity and increase the lipid peroxidation of retinal tissue,inducing the apoptosis of retinal cells and inflammation,and having a certain damage effect for retina.