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甲状腺激素正常的合成及代谢过程，有赖于体内多种微量元素的正常。其中，铁与甲状腺激素的代谢有密切的关系。与碘缺乏一致，铁缺乏也是发展中国家重要的公共健康问题。铁缺乏可以影响体内铁依赖酶的活性，从而导致甲状腺激素的合成及代谢活性均降低，促进甲状腺滤泡细胞增生，也是地方性甲状腺肿的重要原因。碘＋铁双重补充治疗，可以显著降低地方性甲状腺肿的发病率。同时，甲状腺激素的代谢异常也可以干预肝细胞的铁代谢过程。“,”The synthesis ,metabolism and action of thyroid hormones require availability of many essen-tial trace elements.Iron has important roles in normal thyroid hormone metabolism and regulation.Iron defi-ciency has been identified as a significant public health problem in many developing countries as well as iodine deficiency.Iron deficiency lowers the activity of enzyme depending on the iron,which adversely affects thyroid metabolism and may decrease the efficiency of thyroid hormones,stimulate the growth of thyroid follic-ular cell ,and is a major cause of endemic goiter.The dual fortification of salt with iodine and iron may signifi-cantly reduce the prevalence of goiter.Besides,the metabolic disorder of thyroid hormones may intervene iron metabolism of hepatic cells.