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本文采用2000-2007年中国规模以上钢铁企业数据,基于受限超越对数成本函数模型,考察转型时期不同所有制企业的规模边界。研究表明:(1)国有企业的平均规模远高于最优规模,16.4%的企业规模过大。国企平均生产成本均值是不同所有制企业中最高的。(2)民营企业的平均规模小于最优规模,58.1%的企业处于规模偏小的不经济状态。民企显著的成本优势体现为企业数量增长而非规模扩张。(3)三资企业的平均规模接近最优规模,基本体现了市场机制的作用。因此,经济效率提高的潜力之一在于市场公平竞争下各类企业达到其最优规模边界。
Based on the data of steel enterprises above designated size in China during 2000-2007, this paper examines the scale boundaries of different ownership enterprises in the transitional period based on the constrained cost function model. The research shows that: (1) The average scale of state-owned enterprises is much higher than the optimal scale, and the scale of 16.4% enterprises is too large. The average average cost of state-owned enterprises is the highest among the different ownership enterprises. (2) The average size of private enterprises is less than the optimal size, 58.1% of the enterprises are in a small economy. The significant cost advantage of private enterprises is reflected in the growth of the number of enterprises rather than the expansion of scale. (3) The average size of foreign-funded enterprises close to the optimal size, the basic embodiment of the role of the market mechanism. Therefore, one of the potential for improving economic efficiency is that all kinds of enterprises reach the optimal size boundary under the fair competition in the market.