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新中国当代户籍制度在1958年的建立,其制度路径的选择因素与苏联相同。中国工业化道路采取的是苏联重工业优先的内部积累方式,需要从农业为工业化提取资金。“一五”时期,国家出台了统购统销政策,并加速推行农业集体化。二者构成了互为因果的事件链条,使城乡差距持续拉大,农村人口推力不断加强,城乡冲突的规模越来越大,越来越激烈,国家不得不采取严厉措施限制农村人口的外流,并最终将限制人口自由迁徙的功能纳入了户籍管理制度之中。中国城乡二元户籍制度对公民居住迁徙权的限制更甚于苏联、东欧等社会主义诸国。导致这个枳变过程发生的,有三种双重因素的交互作用:中俄两种中世纪传统的交互影响,信仰政治和功利哲学的交替作用,统制经济和政治运动的双重互动。
The founding of New China’s contemporary hukou system in 1958, its institutional path of choice with the Soviet Union the same factors. The path taken by China’s industrialization is the internal accumulation of priority in the heavy industry in the Soviet Union and requires the withdrawal of funds from agriculture for industrialization. During the period of “January 5”, the government promulgated the state monopoly for purchasing and marketing and accelerated the collectivization of agriculture. The two constitute a chain of causal events. As a result, the gap between urban and rural areas continues to widen. With the increasing thrust of rural population, the scale of urban-rural conflicts is getting larger and greater and more intense. Countries have to take drastic measures to limit the outflow of rural population, And finally include the function of restricting the free migration of the population into the household registration management system. China’s urban-rural dual household registration system has more restrictive restrictions on the relocation rights of citizens than the socialist countries such as the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. There are three kinds of interaction between three kinds of double factors that led to the process of this trifoliate orange: the interaction of the two medieval traditions in China and Russia, the alternation of the beliefs politics and utilitarian philosophy, and the double interaction of economic and political movements.