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简单来说,制冷技术分为普通制冷和低温制冷两大类。普通制冷是指制冷温度在120K(即-153℃)以上的制冷技术,家用电器的制冷就属于这一类,而低温制冷则是指制冷温度低于120K的制冷技术。低温制冷技术具有广泛的应用前景,它是开展前沿科学研究、发展高新技术和国民经济不可或缺的核心技术或关键性支撑技术。北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)、上海同步辐射光源(SSRF)、合肥超导托克马克装置(EAST)、欧洲核子中心的大型强子对撞机(LHC)以及国际热核反应堆(ITER)等大型科学装置中无不需要大型氦低温制冷系统来产生低温超导强磁场条件;在高新技术的发展中,低温制冷技术的应用更是无处不在,像红外探测器、核磁共振成像仪
In simple terms, refrigeration technology is divided into two categories of ordinary refrigeration and low temperature refrigeration. Ordinary refrigeration refers to the refrigeration temperature above 120K (ie -153 ℃) above the refrigeration technology, household appliances, refrigeration belong to this category, while the low-temperature refrigeration refers to the refrigeration temperature below 120K refrigeration technology. Cryogenic refrigeration technology has a wide range of applications, it is to carry out cutting-edge scientific research, development of high technology and national economy are indispensable core technology or key support technology. Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC), Shanghai Synchrotron Light Source (SSRF), Hefei Superconducting Tokemark Device (EAST), the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the European Nuclear Center and the International Thermonuclear Reactor (ITER) Such as large-scale helium cryogenic refrigeration system to produce low-temperature superconducting magnetic field conditions; in the development of high-tech, the application of cryogenic refrigeration technology is ubiquitous, such as infrared detectors, magnetic resonance imaging