论文部分内容阅读
利用水库调控高含沙洪水是维持黄河下游主槽不萎缩的重要途径。基于黄河下游实测高含沙洪水冲淤特性的分析,按流量大小对高含沙洪水进行了分类,提出了黄河下游高含沙洪水的分类调控思路及相应的调控指标。大漫滩高含沙洪水,在满足黄河下游防洪要求的前提下,控制洪峰流量大于1.5倍的平滩流量,来沙系数在0.012~0.04 kg·s/m~6范围内。一般高含沙洪水,控制黄河下游洪水流量接近平滩流量,并尽可能控制来沙系数在临界值附近。高含沙小洪水,控制黄河下游洪水流量在2 500 m~3/s以下,洪水沙量小于2亿t。高含沙洪水经过分类调控后,可较大限度地利用滩地淤沙、主槽输沙能力排沙及花园口以上较大的主槽库容滞沙,维持或提高黄河下游主槽过流能力。
The use of reservoirs to control high silt floods is an important way to maintain the main channel in the lower reaches of the Yellow River without shrinking. Based on the analysis of the scouring and silting characteristics of the high silt floods in the lower Yellow River, the high silt floods are classified according to the flow rate, and the classification and control measures of high silt flood waters in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and corresponding regulation indicators are put forward. Under the premise of meeting flood control requirements in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, the control of floodplain flow rate greater than 1.5 times the peak flood discharge should be within the range of 0.012-0.04 kg · s / m ~ 6. Generally high silt flood control floods in the lower reaches of the Yellow River near flat beach flow, and as far as possible to control the sand factor near the critical value. The flood with high sediment concentration will control the flood flow in the lower reaches of the Yellow River below 2 500 m 3 / s and the flood sediment less than 200 million t. After classification and control of high silt flood, it is possible to make use of the silt on the beach, the sediment discharge capacity of the main channel and the larger sediment storage capacity of the main channel above Huayuankou so as to maintain or increase the overcurrent capacity of the main channel in the lower Yellow River.