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目的了解糖尿病患者的膳食质量,为开展相关营养教育提供依据。方法对213例住院2型糖尿病患者使用3d 24h回顾法进行膳食调查,采用膳食平衡指数(DBI-07)综合评价其膳食质量水平。结果被调查2型糖尿病患者的膳食质量处于中度失衡状态,低度摄入不足和低度摄入过量的问题并存;男性患者的摄入过量程度明显高于女性;40岁以下患者在3个年龄组中的摄入不足程度最低,摄入过量程度最高。66岁以上年龄组的摄入不足及总分均高于40岁以下年龄组;被调查的糖尿病患者奶类、水果、豆类、鱼虾类摄入不足,而肉类、植物油、盐摄入过量;钙的摄入量不足而钠的摄入量过量;患者主要膳食模式为B模式。结论被调查糖尿病患者整体膳食结构不合理,需要通过营养宣教来提高2型糖尿病患者平衡膳食的理念。
Objective To understand the dietary quality of diabetic patients and provide the basis for the related nutrition education. Methods A total of 213 inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled in the study. The dietary indices (DBI-07) were used to evaluate their dietary quality. Results It was investigated that patients with type 2 diabetes have moderate imbalance of dietary quality, low and low levels of overdose, and overdose of male patients is significantly higher than that of women. In patients under 40 years of age, The lowest intake of the age group, the highest level of overdose. Insufficient intake and total score in the group over 66 years old were higher than those under 40 years old. Insufficient intake of milk, fruits, beans and fish and shrimp in the surveyed diabetic patients, while intake of meat, vegetable oil and salt Overdose; inadequate intake of calcium and excess sodium intake; patients with the main diet mode B mode. Conclusion The overall dietary structure of diabetic patients surveyed is unreasonable and needs to be nurtured to improve the balanced diet of patients with type 2 diabetes.