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目的研究尘肺病患者胸部螺旋CT与肺功能变化的关系,探讨尘肺病患者肺损伤的评估方式。方法检查91例尘肺病患者胸部螺旋CT和肺功能,对胸部CT不同影像改变与肺功能变化结果进行比较分析。结果胸部螺旋CT表现为双肺肺野不同区域弥漫性分布的圆形小阴影、小阴影聚集和大阴影;75.82%的患者表现为不同程度的肺功能损伤,主要为限制性和混合性通气障碍以及弥散障碍;随着阴影分布扩大和聚集,肺功能损伤的异常率逐渐升高(P<0.05);大阴影组FEV_1、MVV、DL_(CO)与其他各组比较,VC、FVC、FEV_1/FVC、RV/TLC与上肺野、上中肺野小阴影分布组比较,以及小阴影聚集组DL_(CO)与上肺野、上中肺野小阴影分布组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组肺功能损伤类型和肺通气功能损伤类型差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论胸部螺旋CT能在一定程度上反映尘肺病患者肺功能变化,但它和肺功能是评价尘肺病肺损伤的两种独立方法,不能相互替代,两者联合检查有助于尘肺病的病情观察和诊断鉴定。
Objective To study the relationship between chest spiral CT and pulmonary function in patients with pneumoconiosis and to explore the assessment of lung injury in patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods Twenty-nine patients with pneumoconiosis were examined for chest CT and pulmonary function, and the results of different images of chest CT and lung function were compared and analyzed. Results Chest CT showed diffuse small round shadow, small shadow and large shadow in different regions of lung and lung fields. 75.82% patients showed different degree of pulmonary function impairment, mainly restrictive and mixed ventilation disorders (P <0.05). The FEV_1, MVV, DL_ (CO) in the large shadow group were significantly higher than those in other groups (P <0.05) FVC, RV / TLC compared with the distribution of the small lung and upper lung in the upper lung and the distribution of the DL_ (CO) in the small and dark shadow groups, (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the types of lung injury and the types of lung injury in each group (P> 0.05). Conclusion CT can reflect pulmonary function in patients with pneumoconiosis to a certain degree, but it is two independent methods to evaluate lung injury in patients with pneumoconiosis. It can not replace each other and the combination of both can contribute to the observation of pneumoconiosis And diagnostic identification.