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目的了解广东省深圳市服务业外来务工人员自杀行为的现状及影响因素。方法 2014年6—8月在深圳市采用同伴推动抽样方法招募1 982名服务业外来务工人员,应用一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)、Connor-Davidson弹性量表(CD-RISC)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)进行调查,建立结构方程模型初步探讨心理状况、心理弹性、焦虑抑郁、社会支持与自杀意念之间的关系。结果有效调查1 979名深圳服务业外来务工人员,平均年龄为(39.9±12.0)岁,以女性、已婚者和初中文化程度者为主,比例分别为65.1%(1 288/1 979)、83.8%(1 658/1 979)和43.3%(856/1 979);自杀意念、自杀计划及自杀尝试报告率分别为3.1%(62/1 979)、0.4%(8/1 979)和0.3%(6/1 979);结构方程模型的主要指标(χ2/df=17.828,NFI=0.959,CFI=0.961,IFI=0.961,RMSEA=0.092,AIC=164.793,BCC=164.935,EVCI=0.083)显示方程模拟较好;抑郁对自杀意念直接作用大小为0.16,心理状况、心理弹性、焦虑、社会支持通过抑郁对自杀意念起间接作用;自杀意念的“负向”影响因素排序为抑郁(直接作用大小0.16,构成比46.2%)>焦虑(作用大小0.10,构成比28.9%)>心理状况(作用大小0.084,构成比24.2%)>社会支持(作用大小0.000 5,构成比0.1%);“正向”影响因素为心理弹性(作用大小-0.002,构成比0.6%)。结论抑郁和焦虑是深圳服务业外来务工人员自杀意念的重要危险因素之一,早期筛查抑郁和焦虑情绪是预防服务业外来务工人员自杀重要手段之一。
Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of suicidal behavior of migrant workers in service industry in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province. Methods From June to August of 2014, 1 982 migrant workers in the service industry were enrolled in Shenzhen using peer-driven sampling method. The general health questionnaire (GHQ-12), Connor-Davidson elasticity scale (CD-RISC), generalized anxiety (GAD-7), Depression Scale (CES-D) and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) were surveyed to establish structural equation model to investigate the relationship between psychological status, resilience, anxiety and depression, social support and social support The relationship between suicidal ideation. Results A total of 1 979 migrant workers in the service industry in Shenzhen were surveyed effectively. The average age was (39.9 ± 12.0) years old, with a majority of female, married and middle school students, accounting for 65.1% (1 288/1 979) of the total respectively. 83.8% (1 658/1 979) and 43.3% (856/1 979). The rates of suicidal ideation, suicide plan and suicide attempt were 3.1% (62/1 979), 0.4% (8/1 979) and 0.3 (Χ2 / df = 17.828, NFI = 0.959, CFI = 0.961, IFI = 0.961, RMSEA = 0.092, AIC = 164.793, BCC = 164.935, EVCI = 0.083) showed that the main indicators of the structural equation model Depression and suicide ideation, depression and suicide ideation have a direct effect on the suicidal ideation. The psychological status, psychological resilience, anxiety and social support play an indirect role in suicidal ideation through depression. (Size of action, size of action), anxiety (action size of 0.10, makeup ratio of 28.9%)> psychology (action size of 0.084, constitution ratio of 24.2% The “positive” influence factor is psycho-elastic (effect size -0.002, constituting 0.6%). Conclusions Depression and anxiety are one of the important risk factors for suicidal ideation of migrant workers in service industry in Shenzhen. Early screening for depression and anxiety is one of the important ways to prevent suicide of migrant workers in service industry.