橄榄石是由铁橄榄石(FeO·SiO_2)。与镁橄榄石(2MgO·SiO_2)的固溶体组成的一种硅酸镁矿物。它的化学成分是MgO 48—50％,SiO_2 41—43％,FeO 6.1—6.6％,其次还有少量的铬铁矿、矾石、镍和氧化锰;颜色为浅绿色;比重3.25;莫氏硬度6.5。橄榄石是一种很普通的矿物,是许多岩石的组成部分,但是可供开采的矿床极为少见。在挪威有几个超基性岩橄榄石矿床,其中数Aaheim储量最大,质量最好。从地质的角度而论,Aaheim的岩石是纯橄榄岩,其橄 Peridot is made of fayalite (FeO · SiO 2). A magnesium silicate mineral with a solid solution of forsterite (2MgO · SiO 2). Its chemical composition is MgO 48-50%, SiO 2 41-43%, FeO 6.1-6.6%, followed by a small amount of chromite, alum, nickel and manganese oxide; the color is light green; specific gravity 3.25; Mohs Hardness 6.5. Peridot is a very common mineral and is an integral part of many rocks, but mining available is extremely rare. There are several ultrabasic rock olivine deposits in Norway, the largest of which is the Aaheim, with the highest quality. Geologically, the rock in Aaheim is dunite, its olive