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一、问题的提出大量实测资料和工程实践证明:地壳岩体中不但存在地应力,而且各处发生的一切构造变形与破裂,都是地应力作用的结果。然而对地应力本身的特点及其存在方式和地应力场的基本规律等许多问题则还有待进一步去认识去探讨。目前,研究地应力的实验方法, 主要有光弹、明胶、泥巴模拟实验、现场试验、室内压力枕孤石解除实验及各种测定岩石物理力学性质的室内试验等。这些方法虽从不同的角度提供了必要的参数,然而囿于岩石
First, the question put forward A large number of measured data and engineering practice shows that: not only in the crustal rock stress exists, and everywhere in all the structural deformation and rupture, are the result of the role of stress. However, many problems such as the characteristics of the earth stress itself, the existing ways of its existence and the basic laws of the earth stress field are yet to be further explored. At present, the experimental methods for studying in-situ stress mainly include photoelastic bomb, gelatin, mud simulation experiment, field test, indoor stress pillow solitary release experiment and various laboratory tests to determine the physical and mechanical properties of rocks. Although these methods provide the necessary parameters from different perspectives, they are limited to rocks