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为有效控制大豆菌核病的发生、蔓延,从采自黑龙江省不同地区大豆菌核病菌中选取5个代表性菌株进行生物学特性的研究。结果表明:大豆菌核病菌菌丝生长的最适温度为20～25℃,而菌核在15～20℃时产生量最多;菌丝适于在中性和偏酸性条件下生长。病菌在PDA和大豆叶片汁培养基上生长较好,菌核的产生则在向日葵叶片汁培养基上最多;有无光照对菌丝生长影响不大,但光照有利于菌核的产生。子囊孢子萌发最适温度为25℃;萌发最适pH为7～8;大豆汁、向日葵汁和油菜汁可促进子囊孢子的萌发;有无光照对子囊孢子萌发无显著影响。不同地区大豆菌核病菌由于生态条件的不同,菌核萌发形成子囊盘能力和病原菌的致病力也存在差异。
In order to effectively control the occurrence and spread of sclerotialism in Siberium, five representative strains were selected from different regions of Heilongjiang Province to study the biological characteristics. The results showed that the optimum temperature for the growth of mycelium of S. Sclerotiorum was 20 ~ 25 ℃, while that of sclerotia was the highest at 15 ~ 20 ℃. The mycelium was suitable for growth under neutral and acidic conditions. The germs grew well on PDA and soybean leaf juice medium, and the production of sclerotia was the most on the medium of sunflower leaf juice. Whether light had little effect on mycelial growth, but the light was conducive to the production of sclerotia. The optimal temperature for ascospore germination was 25 ℃. The optimum pH for germination was 7 ~ 8. Soybean juice, sunflower juice and rape juice could promote the ascospore germination. No or no light had any significant effect on the ascospore germination. Due to the difference of ecological conditions in different regions, the ability of sclerotia to form ascus and the pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria are also different.